Between Heaven and ModernityCombining social, political, and cultural history, this book examines the contestation over space, history, and power in the late Qing and Republican era reconstruction of the ancient capital of Suzhou as a modern city. Located fifty miles west of Shanghai, Suzhou has been celebrated throughout Asia as a cynosure of Chinese urbanity and economic plenty for a thousand years. With the city's 1895 opening as a treaty port, businessmen and state officials